Формирование новой модели инновационного роста или «невидимая» логика современного инновационного императива
Матризаев Б.Д.1
1 Финансовый университет при Правительстве РФ, Россия, Москва
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Вопросы инновационной экономики (РИНЦ, ВАК)
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Том 9, Номер 1 (Январь-Март 2019)
Эта статья проиндексирована РИНЦ, см. https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=37649375
Цитирований: 11 по состоянию на 07.12.2023
Аннотация:
Поскольку инновации становятся главным императивом макроэкономической политики во всем современном мире, проявляется возрастающая тенденция к обособлению политики связанной с проблемами инноваций. Эта логика говорит о том, что современные социально-экономические системы стали не в состоянии решать грандиозные социальные задачи и обеспечивать экономическую конкурентоспособность, поскольку наши общества, институты, научная деятельность или индивидуальные предрасположенности, как считают некоторые исследователи, недостаточно ориентированы на инновации. В данном исследовании мы анализируем эту так называемую модель “дефицита инноваций”, в которой недостаток инноваций обычно называют главным препятствием на пути социального прогресса.
Проводя параллели в исследовании с концепцией дефицита общественного понимания науки, широко известной в мировой научной среде под термином “public understanding of science” (PUS), мы разработаем теоретическую основу, которая отражает динамику и нормативные аспекты формирования дефицита. При этом мы выделим пять основных аспектов: диагностика проблемы, средства правовой защиты, роль экспертизы, подразумеваемые социальные правила и измерение успеха. Мы применим эту теоретическую структуру к трем эмпирическим ситуационным исследованиям последних инновационных стратегий: в Люксембурге, Сингапуре и Дании. Мы подчеркиваем, что внимание к этому дефициту, структурирующему инновации, важно, потому что это существенная часть того механизма, как инновации преобразуют общества в XXI веке: не только через новые технологические возможности или экономический рост, но и через формирование общественного дискурса, сужение вариантов государственной политики и легитимизацию крупных институциональных вмешательств. Подразумеваемые про-инновационные предпочтения, как правило, маргинализируют другие обоснования, ценности и социальные функции, которые явно не склонны к инновациям. Опыт истории "дефицита общественного понимания науки" свидетельствует о том, что без целенаправленных усилий по преобразованию инновационной политики в более демократическое, инклюзивное и явно государственное политическое поле, нынешняя логика дефицита и ее технократический подтекст чреваты серьезными социальными и экономическими потрясениями.
Ключевые слова: инновационная политика, модель «дефицита инноваций», инновационный императив, диагностика дефицита инноваций
JEL-классификация: O31, O33, O32
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Pfotenhauer S.M., forthcoming. Building Global Innovation Hubs: The MIT Model in Three Start-Up Universities, In: Wisnioski, M., Hintz, E.S., Stettler Kleine, M. (Eds.), Does America Need More Innovators? MIT Press, 2018
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Scherer F.M. New Perspectives on Economic Growth and Technological Innovation. - Brookings/BNAC, Washington, DC, 1999.
Schot J., Steinmueller E., 2016. Framing Innovation Policy for Transformative Change: Innovation Policy 3.0. SPRU Science Policy Research Unit. University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
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Подробнее об авторе:
Матризаев Бахадыр Джуманиязович
Россия, Москва
канд. экон. наук, доцент департамента экономической теории
Финансовый университет при Правительстве РФ
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