Trends in the scale and characteristics of self-employment in Russia
Zabelina O.V.1
1 Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт труда» Министерства труда и социальной защиты Российской Федерации
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Journal paper
Russian Journal of Labour Economics (РИНЦ, ВАК)
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Volume 12, Number 6 (June 2025)
Abstract:
In modern conditions of economic and social development, self-employment continues to actively develop under the influence of various technological, economic, and socio-psychological factors, acquiring new features. Traditional self-employment sectors that do not require highly qualified employees are being supplemented by new industry and professional segments. Developing public policy measures to promote self-employment requires expanding information on this segment of the labor market's development.
This study aimed to identify medium-term trends in the scale and characteristics of the self-employment segment of the Russian population. The analysis is based on Rosstat Labor Force Survey data from 2022 to 2024 and includes the following areas: assessment of the dynamics of the self-employed population in Russia compared with the growth of the total employed population; analysis of the share of self-employment in employment in Russia and in regional contexts; analysis of changes in the sectoral and professional qualification structure of the self-employed population compared with structural changes in the entire employed population; and analysis of the dynamics of the share of the self-employed in the employed population by economic activity and occupational groups. The author employs statistical analysis methods (e.g., index analysis, series of dynamics, averages, and tabular analysis) as well as comparative and general scientific research methods.
By monitoring the scale and statistical profile of Russian self-employment, the author identified an expansion trend in this sector, as well as the regional localization features and main structural shifts in the sectoral and professional qualification profile of self-employment. These findings could be used by the Russian Ministry of Labor, Rostrud, the State Employment Service, and regional authorities to develop measures that promote self-employment.
Keywords: labor market, employment, self-employment, self-employed, regional cross-section, industry structure, professional and qualification profile
JEL-classification: J21, J23, J24
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