Unlawful bankruptcies of individuals and legal entities in the Russian Federation: a view from the perspective of criminal law and economic security
Drobot E.V.1,2
, Makarov I.N.3,4, Klimov A.S.5, Korenyako E.A.5, Churakov V.G.3, Litvinova Yu.E.6
1 Первое экономическое издательство
2 Центр дополнительного профессионального образования
3 Липецкий филиал Финансового университета при Правительстве Российской Федерации
4 Липецкий казачий институт технологий и управления (филиал) ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный университет технологий и управления имени К.Г. Разумовского (Первый казачий университет)»
5 Липецкий филиал РАНХиГС
6 Елецкий государственный университет им. И.А. Бунина
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Journal paper
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law (РИНЦ, ВАК)
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Volume 13, Number 12 (december 2023)
Indexed in Russian Science Citation Index: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=63549339
Abstract:
Recently, bankruptcy proceedings have become an urgent aspect for many citizens and companies in our country. According to statistics, bankruptcy in the Russian Federation is most common among individuals. Citizens, as a rule, are increasingly initiating their own bankruptcy. At the same time, not all bankruptcies are legitimate. The authors note that the position of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation says that not every bankruptcy is intentional: if there are signs of fictitious bankruptcy, then it is necessary to prove the subjective side of the crime. At the same time, as soon as law enforcement agencies have doubts or difficulties in qualification, they often refuse to initiate a criminal case on fictitious bankruptcy and transfer it to civil relations, rather than initiate a criminal case and complicate their lives. This is mainly due to the difficulty of determining the damage in the case of intentional bankruptcy. In our opinion, the damage should be determined without linking it to the creditor's register, but from the moment when the property is taken away from the debtor, i.e. if the debtor commits a legally significant act in order to conceal funds or to falsify information about the location and amount of funds, the legal responsibility should start from the moment when these illegal acts are committed, and not when the bankruptcy itself is completed.
Keywords: bankruptcy, damage, property, process, individual, legal entity
JEL-classification: G33, K11, K14, K15
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