Features of the Russian population employment in the context of spatial development

Solovyeva T.S.1
1 Вологодский научный центр Российской академии наук, Russia

Journal paper

Russian Journal of Labour Economics (РИНЦ, ВАК)
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Volume 9, Number 7 (July 2022)

Citation:

Indexed in Russian Science Citation Index: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=49298004
Cited: 8 by 30.01.2024

Abstract:
In the conditions of Russian reality, the spatial factor has a significant impact on employment, which is also influenced by demographic, geopolitical, globalization, scientific and technological, epidemiological and other challenges. In this regard, special attention needs to be paid to the analysis of changes in this area. They reflect social and economic transformations at both the global and local levels. The purpose of the article is to analyze the features of employment of the Russian population taking into consideration the spatial factor. Based on the analysis of the scientific literature on the subject matter, the authors identify the key points of the evolution of the theory of spatial development, as well as the main characteristics of the spatial development of modern Russia. The analysis reveals the features of employment in Russian Federation within the framework of the modern territorial organization of society (agglomerations, large and small cities, single-industry settlements, and rural periphery). In conclusion, the author outlines the main problem points and priority directions for their elimination.

Keywords: employment, labour market, spatial development, cities, rural areas

Funding:
Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 22-28-01986

JEL-classification: J21, J61, O18

Highlights:

  • Изменения в сфере занятости обусловлены воздействием ряда традиционных и новых вызовов: демографическими и глобализационными процессами, распространением технологий, геополитическими и эпидемиологическими факторами и т.д.
  • 2. В России на процессы, связанные с развитием социально-трудовых отношений, также значимое влияние оказывают особенности пространственного развития.
  • 3. Стягивание трудовых и иных ресурсов в агломерации и крупные города стимулирует миграционные процессы, влечет сокращение предложения на рынке труда и возможностей для занятости в малых городах и сельской местности, что ведет к их упадку.
  • 4. В северных регионах и монопрофильных населенных пунктах отмечается неблагоприятная ситуация в сфере занятости, связанная с невысоким и неразнообразным спросом на труд, низкоконкурентной заработной платой.
  • 5. Регулирование занятости в пространственном аспекте необходимо осуществлять с использованием потенциала цифровизации, социального партнерства, трудовой миграции, предпринимательской активности и опережающего развития социальной инфраструктуры

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