The strategic partnership and the development of comprehensive cooperation between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus are conditioned by the geographical and cultural-historical proximity of the two countries and peoples, the mutual complementarity of economies, and close cooperation ties between Belarusian and Russian companies. The impact of global challenges related to the changing geopolitical landscape and ensuring food security in the face of international sanctions, lead to the search for new solutions to ensure sustainable economic growth of the agro-industrial complex of the Union State. The joint development of the Food Security Strategy of the Union State (hereinafter referred to as the SG), as a system of coordinated measures aimed at the balanced development of the agri-food complex of the SG, taking into account the contribution of each participating country, will determine the main directions of maximum integration of domestic agro-industrial complex and joint vectors of development of the unified agrarian policy of the Union State. The article considers the main directions of integration cooperation between Russia and Belarus in the context of ensuring collective food security in modern conditions.