The article is devoted to the study of sanctions against Russia in the context of economic consequences, adaptation strategies and prospects for international relations. The research purpose was to determine how sanctions affect the country's economy, in particular, the growth of transaction costs, the fragmentation of the financial system and the shift to settlements in the national currency, and to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the consequences of international sanctions imposed on Russia in connection with the geopolitical events of recent years. To compare approaches to sanctions of the United States, the European Union and the United Kingdom, as well as to assess their global consequences, the methods of content analysis, comparative and structural analysis were applied. As a result, common and unique strategies for countering and adapting to sanctions, both at the state level and at the level of the international community, were identified. The research results can be used in the development of measures to mitigate the negative impact of sanctions and in the formation of economic security strategies. The conclusion on the importance of international cooperation and the development of alternative strategies to overcome the economic and political challenges of our time caused by the sanctions policy is drawn.